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Latest UPSC current affairs on Science & Tech for Prelims and Mains.

The NOTTO Real-Time Organ Transplantation portal brings forth a consolidated national wait list, facilitates real-time organ distribution, helps to facilitate national donation swaps, and enhances the transparency and effectiveness of transplantations. The tool promotes Digital Health governance but needs higher organ donor rates, participation of states on an equal footing, advanced hospital infrastructure, and public education to succeed.

India has proposed an expansion of the successful DPI concept into Artificial Intelligence through the establishment of low-cost AI computing, foundation models, and a Unified Intelligence Interface (UII). AI can become an easily available public utility through the IndiaAI Mission and contribute to innovation, technological sovereignty, and inclusive development.

E20 is a fuel consisting of 20 per cent ethanol and 80 per cent petrol; it is available through India’s Ethanol Blended Petrol programme to reduce the country’s reliance on imported crude oil, mitigate pollution, and boost renewable energy production. It can be used in BS-IV, BS-VI and E20-compatible vehicles, but older BS-III vehicles need some rubber parts replaced.
Skyroot Aerospace's Vikram-1 lifted off from Sriharikota on 18 July 2026 and reached a 450 km low Earth orbit, making India the third country with private orbital launch capability. Complete UPSC analysis of the vehicle, Mission Aagaman payloads, ISRO and IN-SPACe support, and India's space sector reforms.

India is the first country to give approval for the world’s first dengue vaccine called QDENGA (TAK-003). It is a two-shot vaccine that can help protect against all four dengue serotypes without screening. Even though it will enhance the prevention of dengue disease, it will only succeed if it is made accessible to all.

The Indian Railways will bring India’s first hydrogen-powered train to run on the Jind-Sonipat line in Haryana. This train is developed by Indians, using hydrogen to produce electricity. The exhaust produced is just water vapour. It supports India’s National Green Hydrogen Mission and its Net Zero target.

The SOLVE Solid Motor for the Gaganyaan mission developed by ISRO has been test-fired successfully. The SOLVE is used to carry the crew module up to a height of 10-17 kilometres for conducting the Integrated Parachute Test. The SOLVE was derived from the PSLV strap-on motor.

Vikram-1 is an orbital launch vehicle developed by Skyroot Aerospace and is the first orbital launch vehicle built privately in India. The first launch of Vikram-1, called Mission Aagaman (from 12 July to 4 August 2026), is a milestone for the commercial space industry of India.

The government has asked WhatsApp to pause its proposed username feature over concerns about spam, phishing, impersonation, and digital fraud. While the feature aims to improve privacy by hiding phone numbers, authorities seek stronger safeguards, consultations, and regulatory compliance to balance user privacy, cybersecurity, innovation, and accountability before rollout.